BRAIN TUMOUR SURGERY

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Description

It is a surgical procedure to temporarily remove a part of the bone from the skull, for having better access to the intracranial part of the brain.

The portion is called a flap which is replaced to its original position and fastened to its place with screws and plates.

The procedure is termed a Craniectomy if the bone is not replaced.

The categorization is on the basis of Frontal, Peritoneal, or Junctional Craniotomy, depending on which portion of the skull is removed.

An endoscopic craniotomy makes use of a camera with a lighted scope that is inserted through a small incision in the skull whereas a stereotactic craniotomy is when imaging and a computer-assisted navigation system are used.

A craniotomy is generally done to drain an abscess or to remove any sort of brain tumor and treat epilepsy.

Pre Procedure

The patient is advised to stop blood thinning medications 10 days before the surgery.

- Also, the patient is advised to fast 6-8 hours before the surgery.

-  Hair needs to be washed a night prior to the surgery and ensure dry hair so that the head can be shaved properly.

During Procedure

The skin is cleaned and The part of The head that is to be operated is shaved.

- An IV line is inserted into The arm and a urinary catheter to drain The urine.

- An incision from behind The ear to The nape of The neck is made depending on The type of procedure.

- The scalp is pulled back to have access to The brain.

- a drill or a medical saw is used in order to make a cut in The skull. A thick covering under The bone is separated The bone flap is removed and The fluid is allowed to flow out.

- Specialized equipment is used in order to remove unhealthy tissue from The brain.

- The bone flaps are reattached with The use of medical plates and screws once The surgery is complete. The incisions are sutured and The bandages are then applied.

Post Procedure

 After the procedure, the patient is advised to stay in the hospital for 7-10 days.

- Some swelling can be observed. However, the patient will be advised to practice deep breathing exercises in order to prevent the clotting of blood in the legs and ensure faster recovery.

- Lifting heavy weights should be avoided until complete recovery.

Risk Complication

Bleeding or brain hemorrhage

-  Swelling

- Meningitis (inflammation of the meningitis- a membrane surrounding the brain)

- Cerebrospinal fluid leakage

- Formation of blood clots 

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