HEART TRANSPLANT

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DESCRIPTION

A heart transplant is a surgery to remove a persons diseased heart or a non-functioning heart and replace it with a healthy heart from a donor. 

Most heart transplants are done on patients who have end-stage renal failure.

PRE PROCEDURE


- The health care team first analysis if the patient is fit for the transplant.
- If the procedure is thereby carried out, then the patient is administered general anaesthesia and a cut is made through the breast bone.

DURING PROCEDURE

- The machine does the work of the heart and the lungs while they are stopped and supplies the body with blood and oxygen.
- The diseased heart is removed and the donor heart is stitched in place. 
- The machine is then disconnected. 
- Blood flows through the transplanted heart.
- Tubes are inserted to drain air, fluid and blood out of the chest for several days and to allow the lungs to fully re-expand.


POST PROCEDURE

- The patient is expected to stay in the hospital for 7 to 21 days after the transplant.
- The first 24 to 48 hours will be in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
- During the first few days a close follow up is needed to make sure that there is no infection arising. 
- The recovery period is about 3 months and regular check-ups are needed to ensure proper functioning of the heart.
- At times the immunosuppressant drugs are given to the patient to suppress the body?s immune response.
- Drugs are taken to prevent transplant rejection for the rest of the life (only on the recommendation of a specialist)

RISK COMPLICATION

- Heart transplant is a major surgery that may involve more serious complications. 
- It can result in kidney failure due to the use of immunosuppressant drugs along with the risk of cancer.

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