BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT
Description:
Bone marrow transplant, also called as stem cells transplant is a procedure which involves the infusion of healthy stem cells in the body and the removal of diseased or damaged bone marrow.
Stem cells make use of body cells of the patient (autologous transplant) or from a donor (allogeneic transplant).
Bone Marrow Transplant helps treat various cancerous and non-cancerous tumours which include:
- Aplastic anemia (A condition in which the body stops producing new blood cells)
- Chronic leukemia (A cancer that is caused due to the production of damaged white blood cells)
- Plasma cell disorders (Overproduction of malignant or pre-malignant plasma cells)
- Immune deficiencies (Improper functioning of immune system)
Pre Procedure:
- In order to make sure if the patient is physically fit for the surgery, several tests are conducted.
- Thereafter a tube is inserted which travels into a large vein and infuses healthy cells, blood products and medicines in the body.
- After the pre-transplant procedures are over, the patient undergoes radiation and chemotherapy.
- However the procedure can have many negative effects such as diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and bleeding.
During Procedure:
- Stem cells are infused in the body through a long thin tube and this process doesn?t involve any pain.
- As the transfusion occurs, new blood cells start forming and this process is termed as engraftment.
- Certain medications are given to reduce the negative effects of the preservative (Dimethyl sulfoxide) in order to guard the cells. (The negative effects include nausea,vomiting, fever and chills).
Post Procedure:
The patient is kept under medical supervision.
Risk Complications :
Risks include:
- Stem cell failure.
- Infections.
- Infertility.
- Death.
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